Looking back the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has freed its mind, created miracles, and has been exploring a new path to develop its modern financial system with Chinese characteristics. This course includes reviewing and teaching the modern financial system, combining it with the unique Chinese characteristics and institutional background. Using the history of the development and reform of China's finance and economy as the time chain, it shows the development of China's financial system in each section. This course is believed to be beneficial to students, financial practitioners, or anyone who is interested in China's financial system including those from overseas. Please enjoy.